Technologies progress in IVF lab
Increase in the Rate of Implantation
Endometrium Thickness Treatment
Instilling Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) into the uterus can help to thicken the endometrium, increasing the likelihood of embryo implantation.
GCSF
G-CSF administration, both systematic and local, is effective in ART treatment, particularly for recurrent implantation failure (RIF).
Hysteroscopy
Several studies appeared to demonstrate some benefit to hysteroscopy following an unsuccessful IVF cycle. Some facilities now do the operation on every woman before starting IVF.
Freezing of eggs and embryos (vitrification)
It is a technique for rapidly freezing eggs, embryos, and sperms at extremely low temperatures, causing tissues to become glass-like. This retains the cells’ morphological and physiological condition during preservation. The gametes and embryos can be frozen in liquid nitrogen and used at a later date.
Implantation
During IVF, some women experience repeated failures of implantation even though everything else appears to be normal. Because of the implantation window, this is the case. The implantation window is defined as the time when the uterus is ready for the implantation of a free-floating blastocyst. This period of receptivity is brief and is caused by a predetermined sequence of hormonal communication between the blastocyst and the endometrium. In such circumstances, there is now a test that can determine the window of implantation. Personalized embryo transfer is the name of the process (PET).
Culture of Embryos
Embryo culturing is another procedure that can assist improve IVF results. Typically, the majority of embryos are transplanted on day three after fertilization. New culture mediums now allow us to maintain embryos alive until the fifth or sixth day. Only healthy, hardy embryos can survive until days 5-6. Transferring embryos later enhances IVF success rates.
Enhancement of Embryo Quality
Increased egg number and quality
DHEA supplementation for limited ovarian reserve:- Supplementing dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) during follicle development is a novel fertility treatment for diminished ovarian reserve that has yielded some surprising results. DHEA treatment for ovarian enhancement is now considered standard practice around the world.
Supplementation with CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10) In addition to DHEA, we have just begun employing CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10) treatment in women with decreased ovarian reserve to boost egg quality. While DHEA promotes egg growth by creating an androgen-rich environment for maturation, CoQ10 is a key enzyme for the mitochondria, a tiny organelle in the human body that supplies energy to cells, including eggs. Women’s CoQ10 levels and mitochondrial health decline as they age. Scientists generally agree that age-related decreases in CoQ10 and loss of egg quality occur.
Improvements in egg quality and quantity, particularly in older women:
Scientists have recently been looking for new ways to increase egg quality by boosting the number of mitochondria in the egg. This is accomplished by using a donor egg from a younger woman with an abundance of mitochondria. The nucleus of a donor egg is removed, and the nucleus of the mother is put into an enucleated donor egg. This egg is subsequently fertilized with the father’s sperm. Third-party reproduction, also known as the mitochondrial transfer technique, is used in this case.
Stem Cell Therapy for Ovarian Rejuvenation: With success, some clinics have recently begun renewing human ovaries with injections of stem cells generated from body fat for premature ovarian failure or early menopausal women.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) derived from your blood has also been used to stimulate the ovaries to generate eggs and restore menstruation periods in postmenopausal women.
Increase in Sperm Quality and Quantity
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Three months of coenzyme Q10 supplementation enhances sperm morphology and motility. CoQ10 is an effective antioxidant. The coenzyme also helps to keep vitamin E and vitamin C levels stable.
Other Ways to Improve IVF Outcomes
ICSI/IMSI/PICSI: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) has long been used to treat male factor infertility and, more recently, to improve IVF cycle success rates. With the use of a very high magnification microscope, sperm selection has improved even more (IMSI). Further advancements in sperm selection can be made by relying on the physiological properties of sperm rather than physical criteria (PICSI).
CRYOPRESERVATION
Cryopreservation (freezing) of embryos created during human IVF is a reasonable solution to allow patients to have several tries at conception after a single pharmacological stimulation cycle, reducing waste of vital genetic material and enhancing cumulative pregnancy rates. The patient may benefit from this technique in several ways. It allows you to limit the number of embryos transferred per cycle by avoiding repetitive stimulation and ovum pick-up procedures.
PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing)
Preimplantation genetic testing is performed on embryos on day 3 or day 5. A small hole is produced in the zona pellucida using a laser, and one blastomere is removed from each embryo using a micropipette. Trophectoderm cells are extracted during the day 5 biopsy.
The blastocyst is frozen and stored in the lab after these cells are removed.
The biopsied cells are transported to a laboratory for analysis. Typically, results are delivered within a week to ten days of the biopsy. PGT is made up of two approaches.
PGD: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis is indicated for couples who are sick or carriers of a genetic disease, or who have a child who has a genetic disease such as Thalassaemia, Cystic Fibrosis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, or Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. In certain situations, the child to be born may be genetically compatible with an already-suffering brother and can help save his life by contributing stem cells.
PGS: Preimplantation Genetic Screening is indicated for couples in an IVF program who have had recurrent IVF failures, are of advanced maternal age, have had several pregnancy losses, or have significant male factor infertility. Embryos created in vitro during IVF are biopsied and tested for aneuploidies during the procedure.
Biopsy of the Polar Body
Polar body diagnosis (PBD) is a method of diagnosing ripe oocytes by indirect genetic analysis.
A polar body that is very tiny, non-functional, and isolated on the oocyte’s periphery. The removal of the first polar body does not affect fertilization or foetal development. We know the genome of the polar body because we know the genome of the oocyte. Because material from the embryo is not used in the polar body biopsy, it is more ethical. The primary use of PB biopsy is to detect maternally derived chromosomal aneuploidies and translocations in oocytes. However, because it is a fairly new approach that is technically challenging, pricey, and yet in development, it will take time and careful investigation before it is effective.
Although these technologies are cutting-edge and effective, they are also expensive. Furthermore, while these are beneficial when used in a carefully selected patient population, they can also wind up being an additional strain on patients’ budgets if recommended universally. As a result, with sophisticated technologies, we also need a thorough grasp of individualising every case and using these procedures prudently to receive the most advantage in terms of a successful IVF programme. Schedule your appointment with world IVF hospital Lajpat Nagar.
